Literatur
Abadie, Alberto, Alexis Diamond, and Jens Hainmueller. 2014.
“Comparative Politics and the Synthetic Control Method:
COMPARATIVE POLITICS AND THE SYNTHETIC CONTROL METHOD.”
American Journal of Political Science 59 (2): 495–510. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12116.
Abadie, Alberto, and Guido W. Imbens. 2008. “On the Failure of the
Bootstrap for Matching Estimators.” Econometrica. Journal of
the Econometric Society 76 (6): 1537–57. https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA6474.
Abadie, Alberto, and Jann Spiess. 2022. “Robust Post-Matching
Inference.” Journal of the American Statistical
Association 117 (538): 983–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2020.1840383.
Abadie, Alexis Diamond, Alberto, and Jens Hainmueller. 2010.
“Synthetic Control Methods for Comparative Case Studies:
Estimating the Effect of California’s Tobacco Control Program.”
Journal of the American Statistical Association 105 (490):
493–505. https://doi.org/10.1198/jasa.2009.ap08746.
Abrams, David S. 2012a. “Estimating the Deterrent Effect of
Incarceration Using Sentencing Enhancements.” American
Economic Journal: Applied Economics 4 (4): 32–56. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.4.4.32.
Abrams, David S. 2012b. “Replication Data for: Estimating the
Deterrent Effect of Incarceration Using Sentencing Enhancements.”
ICPSR - Interuniversity Consortium for Political; Social Research. https://doi.org/10.3886/E113838V1.
Acemoglu, Daron, Giuseppe De Feo, and Giacomo Davide De Luca. 2020.
“Weak States: Causes and Consequences of the Sicilian
Mafia.” The Review of Economic Studies. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdz009.
Acemoglu, Daron, Simon Johnson, James A. Robinson, and Pierre Yared.
2008a. “Income and Democracy.” American Economic
Review 98 (3): 808–42. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.3.808.
———. 2008b. “Replication Data for: Income and Democracy.”
ICPSR - Interuniversity Consortium for Political; Social Research. https://doi.org/10.3886/E113251V1.
Adireksombat, Kampon. 2010. “The Effects of the 1993 Earned Income
Tax Credit Expansion on the Labor Supply of Unmarried Women.”
Public Finance Review 38 (1): 11–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1091142109358626.
Allaire, JJ, Yihui Xie, Christophe Dervieux, Jonathan McPherson, Javier
Luraschi, Kevin Ushey, Aron Atkins, et al. 2024. Rmarkdown: Dynamic
Documents for r. https://github.com/rstudio/rmarkdown.
Andrews, D. W. K. 2003. “End-of-Sample Instability Tests.”
Econometrica 71 (6): 1661–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0262.00466.
Arellano, Manuel, and Stephen Bond. 1991. “Some Tests of
Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to
Employment Equations.” The Review of Economic Studies 58
(2): 277. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297968.
Athey, Susan, and Guido Imbens. 2016. “Recursive Partitioning for
Heterogeneous Causal Effects.” Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences 113 (27): 7353–60. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1510489113.
Athey, Susan, Julie Tibshirani, and Stefan Wager. 2019.
“Generalized Random Forests.” The Annals of
Statistics 47 (2). https://doi.org/10.1214/18-aos1709.
Austin, P. 2011. “An Introduction to Propensity Score Methods for
Reducing the Effects of Confounding in Observational Studies.”
Multivariate Behavioral Research 46 (3): 399–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2011.568786.
Austin, Peter C., and Dylan S. Small. 2014. “The Use of
Bootstrapping When Using Propensity-Score Matching Without Replacement:
A Simulation Study.” Statistics in Medicine 33 (24):
4306–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6276.
Austin, Peter C., and Elizabeth A. Stuart. 2017. “Estimating the
Effect of Treatment on Binary Outcomes Using Full Matching on the
Propensity Score.” Statistical Methods in Medical
Research 26 (6): 2505–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0962280215601134.
Barro, Robert J., and Jong Wha Lee. 2013. “A New Data Set of
Educational Attainment in the World, 1950–2010.” Journal of
Development Economics 104: 184–98. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2012.10.001.
Basten, Christoph, and Frank Betz. 2013. “Beyond Work Ethic:
Religion, Individual, and Political Preferences.” American
Economic Journal: Economic Policy 5 (3): 67–91.
Belloni, Alexandre, Daniel Chen, Victor Chernozhukov, and Christian
Hansen. 2012. “Sparse Models and Methods for Optimal Instruments
with an Application to Eminent Domain.” Econometrica 80
(6): 2369–429.
Belloni, Alexandre, and Victor Chernozhukov. 2013. “Least Squares
After Model Selection in High-Dimensional Sparse Models.”
Bernoulli, 521–47.
Belloni, Alexandre, Victor Chernozhukov, and Christian Hansen. 2014.
“High-Dimensional Methods and Inference on Structural and
Treatment Effects.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 28
(2): 29–50.
Bishop, Christopher M. 2007. Pattern Recognition and Machine
Learning. Information Science and Statistics. New York, NY:
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Bodory, Hugo, Lorenzo Camponovo, Martin Huber, and Michael Lechner.
2020. “The Finite Sample Performance of Inference Methods for
Propensity Score Matching and Weighting Estimators.” Journal
of Business & Economic Statistics. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2731969.
Born, Benjamin, Gernot J Müller, Moritz Schularick, and Petr Sedláček.
2019. “The Costs of Economic Nationalism: Evidence from the Brexit
Experiment*.” The Economic Journal 129 (623): 2722–44.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/uez020.
Breiman, L., J. Friedman, C. J. Stone, and R. A. Olshen. 1984.
Classification and Regression Trees. Taylor & Francis.
Callaway, Brantly, and Pedro H. C. Sant’Anna. 2021.
“Difference-in-Differences with Multiple Time Periods.”
Journal of Econometrics 225 (2): 200–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.12.001.
Cameron, A. Colin, Jonah B. Gelbach, and Douglas L. Miller. 2008.
“Bootstrap-Based Improvements for Inference with Clustered
Errors.” Review of Economics and Statistics 90 (3):
414–27. https://doi.org/10.1162/rest.90.3.414.
———. 2011. “Robust Inference with Multiway Clustering.”
Journal of Business &Amp; Economic Statistics 29 (2):
238–49. https://doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.07136.
Cattaneo, Matias D, Michael Jansson, and Xinwei Ma. 2020. “Simple
Local Polynomial Density Estimators.” Journal of the American
Statistical Association 115 (531): 1449–55.
Chang, Winston, Joe Cheng, JJ Allaire, Carson Sievert, Barret Schloerke,
Yihui Xie, Jeff Allen, Jonathan McPherson, Alan Dipert, and Barbara
Borges. 2024. Shiny: Web Application Framework for r. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=shiny.
Chollet, Francois, and J. J. Allaire. 2018. Deep Learning with
r. New York: Manning Publications Co. LLC.
Cortez, Paulo, and Alice Maria Gonçalves Silva. 2008. “Using Data
Mining to Predict Secondary School Student Performance.”
Cutrera, Antonino. 1900. La Mafia E I Mafiosi.
(Palermo, IT: Reber).
Dahl, Robert Alan. 1971. Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition:
Participation and Opposition. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.
Di Tella, Rafael, and Ernesto Schargrodsky. 2004. “Do Police
Reduce Crime? Estimates Using the Allocation of Police Forces After a
Terrorist Attack.” American Economic Review 94 (1):
115–33. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282804322970733.
Efron, B. 1979. “Bootstrap Methods: Another Look at the
Jackknife.” The Annals of Statistics 7 (1). https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176344552.
Efron, Bradley, Trevor Hastie, Iain Johnstone, and Robert Tibshirani.
2004. “Least Angle Regression.”
Eissa, N., and J. B. Liebman. 1996. “Labor Supply Response to the
Earned Income Tax Credit.” The Quarterly Journal of
Economics 111 (2): 605–37. https://doi.org/10.2307/2946689.
Fearon, James D., and David D. Laitin. 2003. “Ethnicity,
Insurgency, and Civil War.” American Political Science
Review 97 (01): 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0003055403000534.
Gelman, Andrew, and Guido Imbens. 2019. “Why High-Order
Polynomials Should Not Be Used in Regression Discontinuity
Designs.” Journal of Business & Economic Statistics
37 (3): 447–56.
Goodfellow, Ian, Yoshua Bengio, and Aaron Courville. 2016. Deep
Learning. MIT Press.
Goodman-Bacon, Andrew. 2021. “Difference-in-Differences with
Variation in Treatment Timing.” Journal of Econometrics
225 (2): 254–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.03.014.
Hahn, P Richard, Carlos M Carvalho, David Puelz, and Jingyu He. 2018.
“Regularization and Confounding in Linear Regression for Treatment
Effect Estimation.”
Hainmueller, Jens. 2012. “Entropy Balancing for Causal Effects: A
Multivariate Reweighting Method to Produce Balanced Samples in
Observational Studies.” Political Analysis 20 (1):
25–46. https://doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpr025.
Hainmueller, Jens, Alexis Diamond, and Alberto Abadie. 2011.
“Synth: An r Package for Synthetic Control Methods in Comparative
Case Studies.” Journal of Statistical Software 42 (13):
1–17. https://www.jstatsoft.org/v42/i13/.
Hájek, J. 1971. “Comment on ‘an Essay on the Logical
Foundations of Survey Sampling’ by Basu, d.”
Foundations of Statistical Inference 236.
Hansen, Lars Peter. 1982. “Large Sample Properties of Generalized
Method of Moments Estimators.” Econometrica 50 (4):
1029. https://doi.org/10.2307/1912775.
Hastie, T., R. Tibshirani, and J. Friedman. 2013. The Elements of
Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction.
Springer Series in Statistics. Springer New York.
Hill, Jennifer, and Jerome P. Reiter. 2006. “Interval Estimation
for Treatment Effects Using Propensity Score Matching. Statistics in
Medicine.” Statistics in Medicine 25 (13): 2230–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.2277.
Hirano, Keisuke, Guido Imbens, and Geert Ridder. 2003. “Efficient
Estimation of Average Treatment Effects Using the Estimated Propensity
Score.” Econometrica 71 (4): 1161–89. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0262.00442.
Hoerl, Arthur E, and Robert W Kennard. 1970. “Ridge regression: Biased estimation for nonorthogonal
problems.” Technometrics 12 (1): 55–67.
Huntington, Samuel P. 1991. The Third Wave: Democratization in the
Late Twentieth Century: Democratization in the Late Twentieth
Century. Norman, OK: Univ. of Oklahoma Press.
Huntington-Klein, Nick. 2021. The Effect: An Introduction to
Research Design and Causality. Chapman; Hall/CRC. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003226055.
Imbens. 2016. “Matching on the Estimated Propensity Score.”
Econometrica 84 (2): 781–807. https://doi.org/10.3982/ecta11293.
Imbens, G. W., and Thomas Lemieux. 2008. “Regression Discontinuity
Designs: A Guide to Practice.” Journal of Econometrics
142 (2): 615–35.
Imbens, Guido, and Karthik Kalyanaraman. 2012. “Optimal Bandwidth
Choice for the Regression Discontinuity Estimator.” The
Review of Economic Studies 79 (3): 933–59.
Jacobson, Louis S., Robert J. LaLonde, and Daniel G. Sullivan. 1993.
“Earnings Losses of Displaced Workers.” The American
Economic Review 83 (4): 685–709. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2117574.
James, Gareth, Daniela Witten, Trevor Hastie, and Rob Tibshirani. 2021.
ISLR: Data for an Introduction to Statistical Learning with
Applications in r. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ISLR.
James, Gareth, Daniela Witten, Trevor Hastie, and Robert Tibshirani.
2017. An Introduction to Statistical Learning: With Applications in
r. Corrected at 8th printing 2017. Springer Texts in Statistics.
New York: Springer.
Lee, David S. 2008. “Randomized Experiments from Non-Random
Selection in US House Elections.” Journal of
Econometrics 142 (2): 675–97.
Liu, Regina Y. 1988. “Bootstrap Procedures Under Some Non-i.i.d.
Models.” The Annals of Statistics 16 (4): 1696–1708. https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176351062.
Love, Thomas. 2004. “Graphical Display of Covariate
Balance.” Presentation.
McCrary, Justin. 2008. “Manipulation of the Running Variable in
the Regression Discontinuity Design: A Density Test.” Journal
of Econometrics 142 (2): 698–714.
Miguel, Edward, Shanker Satyanath, and Ernest Sergenti. 2004.
“Economic Shocks and Civil Conflict: An Instrumental Variables
Approach.” Journal of Political Economy 112 (4): 725–53.
https://doi.org/10.1086/421174.
Nickell, Stephen. 1981. “Biases in Dynamic Models with Fixed
Effects.” Econometrica 49 (6): 1417. https://doi.org/10.2307/1911408.
Rosenbaum, Paul R., and Donald R. Rubin. 1983. “The Central Role
of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal
Effects.” Biometrika 70 (1): 170–84. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511810725.016.
Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, Evelyne H. Stephens, and John D. Stephens. 1992.
Capitalist Development and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Pr.
Sargan, J. D. 1958. “The Estimation of Economic Relationships
Using Instrumental Variables.” Econometrica 26 (3): 393.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1907619.
Tibshirani, Julie, Susan Athey, Erik Sverdrup, and Stefan Wager. 2024.
Grf: Generalized Random Forests. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=grf.
Tibshirani, Robert. 1996. “Regression Shrinkage and Selection via
the Lasso.” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series
B: Statistical Methodology 58 (1): 267–88.
Weber, Max. 2004. Die Protestantische Ethik Und Der Geist Des
Kapitalismus. Vol. 1614. CH Beck.
Wickham, H., and an O’Reilly Media Company Safari. 2021. Mastering
Shiny. O’Reilly Media, Incorporated. https://books.google.de/books?id=ha1CzgEACAAJ.
Wooldridge, Jeffrey. 2010. Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and
Panel Data. Second edition. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT.
Xie, Yihui, J. J. Allaire, and Garrett Grolemund. 2023. R Markdown:
The Definitive Guide: The Definitive Guide. Chapman; Hall/CRC. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781138359444.
Xie, Yihui, Christophe Dervieux, and Emily Riederer. 2020. R
Markdown Cookbook. Boca Raton, Florida: Chapman; Hall/CRC. https://bookdown.org/yihui/rmarkdown-cookbook.